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LL-37 is a 37-amino-acid antimicrobial peptide derived from the human cathelicidin precursor hCAP18. As a research peptide, it is studied for its potential roles in antimicrobial activity, immune signaling, inflammation, cell migration, and tissue repair.
Its positively charged, amphipathic structure allows it to interact with biological membranes and cellular components, making it a useful subject for research in microbiology, immunology, cell biology, and peptide science. LL-37 remains an experimental research compound, and laboratory findings do not establish clinical use or safety.
LL-37 is a synthetic research peptide based on the naturally occurring human cathelicidin peptide involved in innate immune defense. The mature LL-37 sequence contains 37 amino acids and is derived from the human CAMP gene product. Because of its broad biological activity, LL-37 is frequently investigated as a model peptide in laboratory studies involving antimicrobial activity, immune signaling, inflammation, and cellular responses.
As a research peptide, LL-37 is commonly examined for its interactions with microbial membranes, immune cells, and signaling pathways. Researchers have also investigated its potential involvement in processes such as cell migration, tissue repair, angiogenesis, and inflammatory regulation. Its amphipathic, positively charged structure is considered an important factor underlying many of these biological interactions.
LL-37 research is conducted across several fields, including microbiology, immunology, peptide chemistry, cell biology, and regenerative biology. Experimental studies may use LL-37 to investigate peptide–membrane interactions, host-defense mechanisms, cellular signaling, or biological responses under controlled laboratory conditions.
Importantly, LL-37 sold or supplied for research purposes should be described as an experimental laboratory material rather than an approved therapeutic product. Findings from laboratory or preclinical research do not establish safety, efficacy, dosing, or suitability for human or veterinary use.
Sequence: LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES
Molecular Formula: C205H340N60O53
Molecular Weight: 4493 g/mol
Synonyms: ropocamptide
Source: PubChem
Keshri AK, et al. (2025). “LL-37, the master antimicrobial peptide, its multifaceted role from combating infections to cancer immunity.
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 65(1), 107398.
This recent review discusses LL-37’s antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as its immunomodulatory and potential anticancer properties.
Structure and organization of the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in phospholipid membranes.
This research examined the structural organization of LL-37 in membrane environments and its interaction with lipid membranes, providing insight into its antimicrobial mechanism.
NMR structure of the cathelicidin-derived human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in dodecylphosphocholine micelles.
NMR studies characterized the conformation of LL-37 in a membrane-mimicking environment, identifying a helix-break-helix structural arrangement.
Structures of human host defense cathelicidin LL-37 and its smallest antimicrobial peptide KR-12 in lipid micelles.
This study examined LL-37 structure and identified KR-12 as a smaller antimicrobial fragment, providing useful information for research into LL-37-derived peptide designs.
ALL ARTICLES AND PRODUCT INFORMATION PROVIDED ON THIS WEBSITE ARE FOR INFORMATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.
The products available on this website are intended solely for in-vitro research purposes (Latin: “in glass”), meaning they are used in experiments conducted outside a living organism. These products are not medicines or drugs, have not been evaluated or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or medical condition. Any administration to humans or animals, whether by ingestion, injection, or other means, is strictly prohibited by law.
Our peptides are produced exclusively for laboratory and scientific research purposes.
Licensed Peptides™ products are developed using industry-standard synthesis and purification protocols, making them suitable for in vitro research, analytical testing, and experimental models.
Strict process controls ensure reproducibility, allowing researchers to work with confidence across experiments.
Our peptides are commonly used in research involving:
All products are intended for research use only and are not for human or animal consumption, therapeutic use, or clinical application.
At Licensed Peptides™, quality isn’t a claim. it’s a controlled, repeatable process.
Every peptide we produce follows a strict, pharma-grade workflow designed to ensure purity, stability, and consistency from synthesis to delivery.
All peptides are synthesized in sterile, controlled environments to eliminate contamination risk and ensure batch consistency.
We use advanced High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to separate and verify peptide purity with precision.
Each batch undergoes heavy metal and endotoxin screening to ensure it is free from hidden contaminants.
We start with rigorously tested amino acids and reagents, ensuring integrity at the molecular level.
Freeze-dried peptides maintain long-term stability, potency, and reliability for research applications.
Every vial is protected from oxygen and moisture, preserving structural integrity during storage and transit.
From synthesis to delivery, every step is engineered to meet the expectations of professionals who require accuracy, consistency, and reliability.
We understand that timing and product integrity are critical for research.
All in-stock orders placed before our daily cutoff are shipped the same day from within the United States.
We use expedited carriers to ensure your peptides arrive quickly and reliably nationwide.
Products are stored in industrial-grade freezers prior to shipment to maintain stability and purity.
Each order is carefully packed to protect against temperature fluctuations, moisture exposure, and physical damage during transit.
You’ll receive tracking information immediately upon shipment so you can monitor delivery progress.
No long international delays, no customs issues. Just fast, dependable delivery from a U.S.-based operation.
Storage Instructions:
All of our products are manufactured using the Lyophilization (Freeze Drying) process, which ensures that our products remain 100% stable for shipping for up to 3-4 months.
Once the peptides are reconstituted (mixed with bacteriostatic water), they must be stored in the fridge to maintain stability. After reconstitution, the peptides will remain stable for up to 30 days.
Lyophilization is a unique dehydration process, also known as cryodesiccation, where the peptides are frozen and then subjected to low pressure. This causes the water in the peptide vial to sublimate directly from solid to gas, leaving behind a stable, crystalline white structure known as lyophilized peptide. The puffy white powder can be stored at room temperature until you’re ready to reconstitute it with bacteriostatic water.
Once peptides have been received, it is imperative that they are kept cold and away from light. If the peptides will be used immediately, or in the next several days, weeks or months, short-term refrigeration under 4C (39F) is generally acceptable. Lyophilized peptides are usually stable at room temperatures for several weeks or more, so if they will be utilized within weeks or months such storage is typically adequate.
However, for longer term storage (several months to years) it is more preferable to store peptides in a freezer at -80C (-112F). When storing peptides for months or even years, freezing is optimal in order to preserve the peptide’s stability.
For further information on proper storage techniques, click the link below:
Peptide Storage
LL-37 is a 37-amino-acid antimicrobial peptide derived from the human cathelicidin precursor hCAP18. As a research peptide, it is studied for its potential roles in antimicrobial activity, immune signaling, inflammation, cell migration, and tissue repair.
Its positively charged, amphipathic structure allows it to interact with biological membranes and cellular components, making it a useful subject for research in microbiology, immunology, cell biology, and peptide science. LL-37 remains an experimental research compound, and laboratory findings do not establish clinical use or safety.
Our peptides are produced exclusively for laboratory and scientific research purposes.
Licensed Peptides™ products are developed using industry-standard synthesis and purification protocols, making them suitable for in vitro research, analytical testing, and experimental models.
Strict process controls ensure reproducibility, allowing researchers to work with confidence across experiments.
Our peptides are commonly used in research involving:
All products are intended for research use only and are not for human or animal consumption, therapeutic use, or clinical application.
At Licensed Peptides™, quality isn’t a claim. it’s a controlled, repeatable process.
Every peptide we produce follows a strict, pharma-grade workflow designed to ensure purity, stability, and consistency from synthesis to delivery.
All peptides are synthesized in sterile, controlled environments to eliminate contamination risk and ensure batch consistency.
We use advanced High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to separate and verify peptide purity with precision.
Each batch undergoes heavy metal and endotoxin screening to ensure it is free from hidden contaminants.
We start with rigorously tested amino acids and reagents, ensuring integrity at the molecular level.
Freeze-dried peptides maintain long-term stability, potency, and reliability for research applications.
Every vial is protected from oxygen and moisture, preserving structural integrity during storage and transit.
From synthesis to delivery, every step is engineered to meet the expectations of professionals who require accuracy, consistency, and reliability.
We understand that timing and product integrity are critical for research.
All in-stock orders placed before our daily cutoff are shipped the same day from within the United States.
We use expedited carriers to ensure your peptides arrive quickly and reliably nationwide.
Products are stored in industrial-grade freezers prior to shipment to maintain stability and purity.
Each order is carefully packed to protect against temperature fluctuations, moisture exposure, and physical damage during transit.
You’ll receive tracking information immediately upon shipment so you can monitor delivery progress.
No long international delays, no customs issues. Just fast, dependable delivery from a U.S.-based operation.
Storage Instructions:
All of our products are manufactured using the Lyophilization (Freeze Drying) process, which ensures that our products remain 100% stable for shipping for up to 3-4 months.
Once the peptides are reconstituted (mixed with bacteriostatic water), they must be stored in the fridge to maintain stability. After reconstitution, the peptides will remain stable for up to 30 days.
Lyophilization is a unique dehydration process, also known as cryodesiccation, where the peptides are frozen and then subjected to low pressure. This causes the water in the peptide vial to sublimate directly from solid to gas, leaving behind a stable, crystalline white structure known as lyophilized peptide. The puffy white powder can be stored at room temperature until you’re ready to reconstitute it with bacteriostatic water.
Once peptides have been received, it is imperative that they are kept cold and away from light. If the peptides will be used immediately, or in the next several days, weeks or months, short-term refrigeration under 4C (39F) is generally acceptable. Lyophilized peptides are usually stable at room temperatures for several weeks or more, so if they will be utilized within weeks or months such storage is typically adequate.
However, for longer term storage (several months to years) it is more preferable to store peptides in a freezer at -80C (-112F). When storing peptides for months or even years, freezing is optimal in order to preserve the peptide’s stability.
For further information on proper storage techniques, click the link below:
Peptide Storage
Guaranteed per batch
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Not all peptide vendors hold themselves to the same verification standards.
| Verification Standard | Licensed Peptides | Generic Vendors |
|---|---|---|
| HPLC Purity Analysis | ||
| Mass Spectrometry Identity | ||
| Endotoxin Screening (LAL) | ||
| GMP-Certified USA Manufacture | ||
| COA Published & Downloadable | ||
| Same-Day USA Fulfillment |
Not all peptide vendors hold themselves to the same verification standards.
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